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IvonneGood points. Certainly some people need their own cars but even the motor industry recoignises the market is changing with not juysy electric vehicles becoming the future. At the same time they anticipate vehicle ownership diminishing in favour of sharing either via car clubs or an Uber type model and, possibly in the distant future (who knows when and where?), based around self drive vehicles. When I was a teenager living in Essex I cycled everywhere but when I moved to London in my late teens driving, walking and public transport seemed safer. But if we have more traffic free cycle ways perhaps more people, including me, might be enticed back onto two wheels.London is the centre of the economy, I guess for historical reasons, although Edinburgh is also a significant finance centre. Not sure why food distribution is centralised here - possibly to do with consumption versus production centres? With regard to finance, there have been moves for cost saving reasons to disperse functions away from London but there have been issues. The movement of call centres to places as diverse as India or the Philippines hasn't been well received by customers; recruitment has been difficult - London has a pool of skilled, experienced, trained staff not necessarily available elsewhere - and monitoring and enforcement of staff to ensure compliance regulations are being followed is easier in a centralised trading environment. None of those is insurmountable, the insurance industry started relocating from London in the 1970s, and the current crisis should give an impetus for rapid rather than the slow evolutionary change when the Finance industry is living off the fat of the land?I'm sure the air transport industry will have to reform, many were just surviving on a knife edge before the crisis, and producers like Boeing appear to have organisational cultural problems if they're prepared to hide life threating product faults. Let's hope there be a move to trains for short haul travel, the days of ridiculously cheap flights are probably over? I can see the environmental positives in that but I'm a bit sad in a way - travel should broaden the mind - but perhaps not if one's just going clubbing for the booze, sex and sun! Still, with global warming that'll be available soon in Brighton, Bognar or Blackpool depending on your preferences   

Michael Ixer ● 2368d

Thanks, Ivonne. It's interesting that a group of 170 Dutch sociologists and environmentalists have published a joint manifesto aimed at providing the aim of making society radically more sustainable in a radical transformation that needs decisive measures. There's a brief report of it here https://www.trouw.nl/duurzaamheid-natuur/manifest-van-170-wetenschappers-het-is-een-blunder-als-we-niet-groener-uit-de-coronacrisis-komen~b12864df/ (oddly, my phone gives the option of seeing this in Dutch or English but my computer doesn't) and the full manifesto (only in Dutch) here: https://drive.google.com/a/persgroep.net/file/d/1CjDgo3mjcxvR_mFZyPY2Ga-P022lsqYk/view?usp=sharing).There are five points to the manifesto, which (with the help of Mr Google) I've translated below:1) Replacement of the current development model, which is aimed at endless growth in the GNP with one that distinguishes between (a) sectors that should grow and need investment (the vital public sectors, clean energy, education, health and social care) and (b) sectors that should shrink radically, given their fundamental lack of sustainability or their role in driving excessive consumption (such as the oil, gas, mining, and advertising sectors).2) Develop an economic policy of redistribution, providing for a universal basic income, embedded in solid social policy; strongly progressive taxation of income, profit and wealth; shorter working weeks and job sharing; and recognition of the intrinsic value of healthcare and essential public services such as education and health care.3) Transition to circular agriculture, based on the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable, mostly local food production, reduction of meat production and employment with fair working conditions.4) Reduction in consumption and travel, with a radical decrease in luxury and wasteful expenditure, towards necessary, sustainable and useful forms of consumption and travel.5) Remission of debts, mainly to employees, self-employed persons and entrepreneurs in SMEs, but also to developing countries (to be carried out by both the wealthier countries through international organizations like the IMF and the World Bank).It's certainly radical, but if we are ever to avoid the disaster that global heating will provide, something like this is going to be needed.

Richard Carter ● 2367d